1.Jean Piaget, a Swiss psychologist, and the first scientist that made systematic studies of how children learn.
(A) Jean Piaget, a Swiss psychologist, and the first scientist that made
(B) Jean Piaget was a Swiss psychologist, also the first scientist making
(C) As a Swiss psychologist, it was Jean Piaget who was the first scientist making
(D) Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget, the first scientist in having made
(E) The Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget was the first scientist to make
2.A Raisin in the Sun won for its author Lorraine Hansberry the distinction of being the first African American to receive the New York Drama Critics’ Circle Award.
Answer Choices
(A) of being the first African American to receive
(B) to be the first African American receiving
(C) of the first African American to receive
(D) that she had been the first African American to receive
(E) that she was to be the first African American having received
3.It is thought that a dog’s sense of smell is generally 10,000 to 100,000 times better than humans.
(A) humans
(B) humans’ are
(C) humans have
(D) a human’s
(E) a human has
4.Archaeological evidence shows that Viking ships were lighter, slimmer, and faster than that in England.
Answer Choices
(A) that in England
(B) they had in England
(C) they had been in England
(D) those used by the English
(E) that of the English
5.They are smaller than their counterparts in Africa, so Asiatic lions can be found only in Gir, a forest region in northwest India.
(A) They are smaller than their counterparts in Africa, so Asiatic lions
(B) Its counterparts in Africa are bigger, but the Asiatic lion
(C) The Asiatic lion is smaller than their counterparts in Africa, they
(D) The counterparts of African lions in Asia are smaller, although they
(E) Smaller than their counterparts in Africa, Asiatic lions
6.Unlike an acoustic guitar, whose hollow body acts as a sound box to project sound, there is almost no sound when a solid-body electric guitar is not amplified.
Answer Choices
(A) there is almost no sound when a solid-body electric guitar is not amplified
(B) there is not an amplification system, so a solid-body electric guitar makes almost no sound
(C) an amplification system is needed for solid-body electric guitars, if they are to make much sound
(D) the electric guitar’s solid body makes it have almost no sound without the aid of an amplification system
(E) the solid-body electric guitar is almost soundless without the aid of an amplification system
Explanation
1.The correct answer is E
Choice (E) is correct. It avoids the sentence fragment error of the original by providing a main verb, “was,” to express a complete thought.
2.The correct answer is A
Choice (A) is correct. It avoids the errors of the other options by using the idiomatic “distinction of being” to express what the play “won for its author Lorraine Hansberry.”
3.The correct answer is D
Choice (D) is correct. It avoids the error of the original by properly comparing “a dog’s sense of smell” to “a human’s” sense of smell.
4.The correct answer is D
Choice (D) is correct. It avoids the error of the original by using the demonstrative pronoun “those” to refer appropriately to “ships” so that “Viking ships” are logically compared with “those [ships] used by the English.”
5.The correct answer is E
Choice (E) is correct. It avoids the faulty logic of the original by removing the unnecessary pronoun “They” and the conjunction “so” so that the size of the two types of lions is the only thing being compared.
6.The correct answer is E
Choice (E) is correct. It avoids the error of the original by directly comparing one type of guitar (“an acoustic guitar”) to another (“the solid-body electric guitar”).