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12.Content: Sentence Structure
Key: D
Objective: Students must recognize andcorrect inappropriate shifts in verb tense and mood.
Explanation: Choice D is thebest answer because the simple present tense verb "watches" is consistent with the tense of the verbs in the restof the sentence and paragraph.
13.Content: Sentence Structure
Key: B
Objective: Students must create twogrammatically complete and standard sentences.
Explanation: Choice B is thebest answer because it provides punctuation that creates two grammatically complete andstandard sentences.
14.Content: Conventions of Punctuation
Key: B
Objective: Students mustboth signal a strong within-sentence break and Set off nonessential elements of the sentence.
Explanation: Choice B is thebest answer because the colon after "parts" effectively signals that what follows in the sentence further defines what the "two parts" of Kingman's name are and because the comma after"man" properly indicates that "'king1 and 'man'" and "Cantonese for'scenery ' and 'composition ' " are nonrestrictive appositives.
15.Content: Conventions of Usage
Key: A
Objective: Students must ensure thatlike terms are being compared.
Explanation: Choice A is thebest answer because it creates a comparison between like terms: "works" by Kingman and "paintings by Chineselandscape artists.”
16.Content: Effective Language Use
Key: C
Objective: Students must determine themost contextually appropriate word.
Explanation: Choice C is thebest answer because "departed" is the most contextually appropriate way to indicate that Kingman had deviated from the tradition of Chinese landscape painting in a number of ways.
17.Content: Organization
Key: C
Objective: Students must improve thecohesion of a paragraph.
Explanation: Choice C is thebest answer because placing sentence 3 after sentence 1 makes the paragraph most cohesive. Sentence 3 refers to Kingman's "interest" being "so keen,” a continuation of the ideain sentence 1, which says that "Kingman was keenly interested in landscapepainting from an early age.
18.Content: Development
Key: C
Objective: Students must determinewhich sentence best signals the main topic of a paragraph.
Explanation: Choice C is thebest answer because it clearly establishes the main topic of the paragraph: Kingman's urbanlandscapes.
19.Content: Conventions of Punctuation
Key: A
Objective: Students must effectivelyseparate items in a series.
Explanation: Choice A is thebest answer because a comma after the word "hydrant" separates the phrase "a pigeon pecking for crumbsaround a fire hydrant" from the phrase "an old man tending to a baby outsidea doorway." A comma is also consistent with the punctuation choice made to separate the first two phrases in the asyndetic series following the colon in the sentence.
20.Content: Development
Key: D
Objective: Students must revisesupporting information to accomplish a writing goal.
Explanation: Choice D is thebest answer because the phrase "enormous ships docking at busy urban ports" effectively continues the sentence’s series of details ("skyscrapers towering in the background" and"bridges connecting neighborhoods"), conveying themajesty of city skylines as depicted by Kingman.
21.Content: Effective Language Use
Key: D
Objective: Students must combinesentences effectively.
Explanation: Choice D is thebest answer because it combines the sentences logically and efficiently, with the original second sentence becoming a participial phrase describing Kingman.
22.Content: Organization
Key: B
Objective: Students must determine themost effective ending of a text given a particular writing goal.
Explanation: Choice B is thebest answer because it concludes the passage with a sentence that emphasizes the enduring legacy of Kingman's work by indicating that museums continue to make Kingman's iconic paintings accessible to the public