1.The mistakes children make in learning to speak 【tell】 linguists more about how they learn language than the correct forms they use.
(A) how they learn language than
(B) how one learns language than
(C) how children learn language than do
(D) learning language than
(E)【 their language learning 】than do
解析：
【tell】more…than后的词要与tell保持一致：比较级之后要用do来代替。[排除ABD]
【 their language learning 】意义有所变化且their指代不清 (前面出现过两个以上的复数名词时， their的指代就不清)。
2.In the United States, trade unions 【encountered】 far more intense 【opposition】 【against】 their struggle for social legitimacy than the organized labor movements of most other democratic nations.
(A) against their struggle for social legitimacy than
(B) in their struggle for social legitimacy than did
(C) against their struggle for social legitimacy as
(D) in their struggle for social legitimacy 【as 】did
(E) when they struggled for social legitimacy than has
解析：
【encountered】【opposition】 than比较结构之后，谓语动词应尽量补全：
than之前的谓语动词是encountered，所以than之后要用did代替。
[ 排除A C E ]
【against】 一般用opposition to而不用opposition against
【as 】more intense与as塔配是明显错误的。
3.A large rise in the number of housing starts in the coming year should boost new construction dollars by several billion dollars, making the construction industry's economic health much more robust 【than 】 five years ago.
(A) making the construction industry's economic health much more robust than five years ago
(B) and make the construction industry's economic health much more robust than five years ago
(C)【 making the construction industry's economic health much more robust than it was five years ago】
(D) to make the construction industry's economic health much more robust than five years ago
(E) 【in making】 the construction industry's economic health much more robust than it was five years ago
解析：
【than 】than之前是the construction industry's economic health，而than之后却是five years ago：比较物前后不对应。
[ 排除A B D ]
【 making the construction industry's economic health much more robust 【than】 it was five years ago】表示在不同时期同一事物的比较，为正确选项。
【in making】in doing sth. 意思为在做某件事方面，而原句要求是以making做伴随，所以改变了句意。
4.In 1982 the median income for married-couple families with a wage-earning wife was $9,000 more than a family where the husband only was employed.
(A) a family where the husband only
(B) of a family where only the husband
(C) 【that for families in which only the husband】
(D) a family in which only the husband
(E) those of families in which the husband only
解析：
【than】 than之前是the median income，而than之后却是a family，
【that for families in which only the husband】前后事物不具有可比性，因此用that指代the median income，family之前加上for对income进行限定，且用in which代替where的表述是可以的。
因此C为正确选项。
5.Chicago, where industrial growth in the nineteenth century was more rapid 【than 】any other American city, was plagued by labor troubles like the Pullman Strikes of 1894.
(A) where industrial growth in the nineteenth century was more rapid than any other American city
(B)【 which had industrial growth】 in the nineteenth century was more rapid than any 【other】 American cities
(C) which had industrial growth was more rapid than any other American city in the nineteenth century
(D) whose industrial growth in the nineteenth century was more rapid than any other American city
(E) whose industrial growth in the nineteenth century was more rapid than that of any other American city
解析：
【than 】than之前是industrial growth，而than之后却是city：比较对象不对应，不具有可比性。
[ 排除A C D ]
【 which had industrial growth】表达不如whose industrial growth更准确。
【other】表达不如whose industrial growth更准确。
1.C 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.E