1.Combining both figurative and abstract elements in his paintings, such painters as Franz Kline and Richard Diebenkorn were greatly influenced by American artist Willem de Kooning, a key figure in the post-war Abstract Expressionist movement.
(A) such painters as Franz Kline and Richard Diebenkorn were greatly influenced by American artist Willem de Kooning, a key figure in the post-war Abstract Expressionist movement
(B) a key figure in the post-war Abstract Expressionist movement who greatly influenced such painters as Franz Kline and Richard Diebenkorn was American artist Willem de Kooning
(C) American artist Willem de Kooning became a key figure in the post-war Abstract Expressionist movement and greatly influenced such painters as Franz Kline and Richard Diebenkorn
(D) Willem de Kooning, an American artist who became a key figure in the post-war Abstract Expressionist movement and greatly influenced such painters as Franz Kline and Richard Diebenkorn
(E) and a key figure in the post-war Abstract Expressionist movement, Willem de Kooning greatly influenced such painters as Franz Kline and Richard Diebenkorn as an American artist
2.Archaeological evidence shows that Viking ships were lighter, slimmer, and faster than that in England.
Answer Choices
(A) that in England
(B) they had in England
(C) they had been in England
(D) those used by the English
(E) that of the English
3.The advent of innovative computer and communications technology toward the end of the twentieth century ushered in a new era, not dominated by industry anymore, rather it was information.
(A) era, not dominated by industry anymore, rather it was information
(B) era, it was dominated by information over industry
(C) era, which was not dominated anymore by industry but rather information
(D) era dominated by information rather than industry
(E) era dominated not by industry, but it was information
4.There are many famous quotations previously credited to “Anonymous,” researchers have discovered that they were in fact written by female authors.
Answer Choices
(A) There are many famous quotations previously credited to “Anonymous,” researchers have discovered that they were in fact written by female authors.
(B) Many famous quotations that were in fact written by female authors were previously credited to “Anonymous” and researchers discovered this.
(C) Researchers have discovered many famous quotations that were previously credited to “Anonymous,” they were in fact written by female authors.
(D) Researchers have discovered that many famous quotations previously credited to “Anonymous” were in fact written by female authors.
(E) The discovery of many famous quotations previously credited to “Anonymous” but in fact written by female authors were made by researchers.
5.Archaeological evidence shows that Viking ships were lighter, slimmer, and faster than that in England.
Answer Choices
(A) that in England
(B) they had in England
(C) they had been in England
(D) those used by the English
(E) that of the English
1.The correct answer is C
Choice (C) is correct. It avoids the modification error of the original by placing the subject of the sentence, “American artist Willem de Kooning” directly after the modifying phrase “Combining both figurative and abstract elements in his paintings.”
2.The correct answer is D
Choice (D) is correct. It avoids the error of the original by using the demonstrative pronoun “those” to refer appropriately to “ships” so that “Viking ships” are logically compared with “those [ships] used by the English.”
3.The correct answer is D
Choice (D) is correct. It avoids the awkwardness and wordiness of the original by using the idiomatic phrase “dominated by information rather than industry” to characterize the “new era” discussed in the sentence.
4.The correct answer is D
Choice (D) is correct. It avoids the comma splice error of the original by combining the two independent clauses that were improperly joined by only a comma (“There are many famous quotations previously credited to ‘Anonymous’” and “researchers have discovered that they were in fact written by female authors”) into one sentence consisting of a main clause (“Researchers have discovered”) and a dependent clause (“that many famous quotations previously credited to ‘Anonymous’ were in fact written by female authors”).
5.The correct answer is D
Choice (D) is correct. It avoids the error of the original by using the demonstrative pronoun “those” to refer appropriately to “ships” so that “Viking ships” are logically compared with “those [ships] used by the English.”