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P45
The editors of the essay collection Romantic biography tell us repeatedly that biography is an invention of the Romantic period in British literature (late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries), yet we are never shown that process of invention motion. Hazlitt, the most prominent example of the Romantic biographer, is almost invisible. The Romantic period was not just the period in which biography was invented---or, rather, the period in which some of its informing principles were invented, since biography could just as easily be said to have originated in the scandalous memoirs that formed part of the pre-Romantic culture of the novel. It was also the period in which biography, through its sheer ubiquity, became an object of major ideological significance within British culture.
1. The passage mentions the "scandalous memoirs ” that were written prior to the Romantic period primarily in order to
A. indicate an alternative account of the origins of biography
B. compare these memoirs to Romantic biography
C. explain how biography became ubiquitous in British culture
D question the ideological significance accorded to biography
E. suggest that biographies were not as popular as memoirs
2. According to the passage, biography attained
A. were associated with scandal
B. were easy to read and comprehend
C. were so widespread in Britain at the time
D. challenged conventional British ideologies
E. contributed to the development of the novel
1
The editors of the essay collection Romantic biography tell us repeatedly that biography is an invention of the Romantic period in British literature (late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries), yet we are never shown that process of invention motion.
文集 R B 的编辑们一再告诉我们，传记是英国文学浪漫主义时期(十八世纪晚期和十九世纪早期)的独创，却从未向我们展示创造的过程。
(我推测 Romantic biography 是个 typo，应写作 Romantic Biography，是书名;如果 biography 小写无误，则 Romantic biography 指的是 浪漫主义时期的传记，那么关于这一主题的文集，应该写为 essay collection(s) of / about / concerning (the) Romantic biographies。
翻译采取了第一种理解。)
2
Hazlitt, the most prominent example of the Romantic biographer, is almost invisible.
H，作为浪漫主义时期最杰出的传记作家的代表，几乎无人知晓。
3
The Romantic period was not just the period in which biography was invented -- or, rather, the period in which some of its informing principles were invented, since biography could just as easily be said to have originated in the scandalous memoirs that formed part of the pre-Romantic culture of the novel.
浪漫主义时期并非传记文体被创造的时期，—— 更确切地说，不是我们熟悉的那些原则被确立的时期，因为传记据称起源于 scandlous memoirs，后者是 前浪漫主义 时期小说文化的一部分。
(scandalous memoirs 意会吧，没查到权威或公认的译法)
4
It was also the period in which biography, through its sheer ubiquity, became an object of major ideological significance within British culture.
也正是在浪漫主义时期，传记作品通过普及式的传播，成为英国文化最重要的意识形态宣传工具。
(sheer 十足的，完全的
ubiquity 无所不在
object 直译，应取 “(受关注、欣赏等)的对象、客体 ”，或理解为 “ … 的目标 ” 。意译跳跃比较大。)
1. The passage mentions the "scandalous memoirs ” that were written prior to the Romantic period primarily in order to
A. indicate an alternative account of the origins of biography
B. compare these memoirs to Romantic biography
C. explain how biography became ubiquitous in British culture
D question the ideological significance accorded to biography
E. suggest that biographies were not as popular as memoirs
选 A
scandalous memoirs 出现在句 3：
The Romantic period was not just the period in which biography was invented -- or, rather, the period in which some of its informing principles were invented, since biography could just as easily be said to have originated in the scandalous memoirs that formed part of the pre-Romantic culture of the novel.
文章前三句，一直围绕着 Romantic biography 的来源，句 1 出现的编辑们 editors 说，biography is an invention of the Romantic period in British literature，但作者认为他们一直拿不出证据，we are never shown that process of invention motion，可推测作者的态度。
综合句 3，给出了另一种说法，an alternative account 。
2. According to the passage, biography attained GREat significance within British culture during the Romantic period because biographies
A. were associated with scandal
B. were easy to read and comprehend
C. were so widespread in Britain at the time
D. challenged conventional British ideologies
E. contributed to the development of the novel
选 C
句 4 出现的 sheer ubiquty 对应 widespread 。
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