对于中国考生来说
71. More than a year ago, the city announced that police would crack down on illegally parked cars and that resources would be diverted from writing speeding tickets to ticketing illegally parked cars. But no crackdown has taken place. The police chief claims that resources have had to be diverted from writing speeding tickets to combating the city’s staggering drug problem. Yet the police are still writing as many speeding tickets as ever. Therefore, the excuse about resources being tied up in fighting drug-related crime simply is not true.
The conclusion in the passage depends on the assumption that
A. every member of the police force is qualified to work on combating the city’s drug problem
B. drug-related crime is not as serious a problem for the city as the police chief claims it is
C. writing speeding tickets should be as important a priority for the city as combating drug-related crime
D. the police could be cracking down on illegally parked cars and combating the drug problem without having to reduce writing speeding tickets
E. the police cannot continue writing as many speeding tickets as ever while diverting resources to combating drug-related crime
参考答案：E
思路：结论是由于对超速行驶开出的罚单并未减少，所以资源并未转移，其逆否命题则是，资源如果真的转移，罚单一定减少，也就是E指出的 — 罚单不可能与原来一样多。
72. A gas tax of one cent per gallon would raise one billion dollars per year at current consumption rates. Since a tax of fifty cents per gallon would therefore raise fifty billion dollars per year, it seems a perfect way to deal with the federal budget deficit. This tax would have the additional advantage that the resulting drop in the demand for gasoline would be ecologically sound and would keep our county from being too dependent on foreign oil producers.
Which one of the following most clearly identifies an error in the author’s reasoning?
A. The author cites irrelevant data.
B. The author relies on incorrect current consumption figures.
C. The author makes incompatible assumptions.
D. The author mistakes an effect for a cause.
E. The author appeals to conscience rather than reason.
参考答案：C
思路：作者得出的结论有两个，1是提高汽油税率，可以同比提高税收所得，这一结论的前提条件是，汽油的消费量不受税率影响;2是提高税率可以降低对汽油的消费需求，这一结论的假设条件与前一结论的假设条件是互相矛盾的，因此显而易见，C正确。
73. There is no reason why the work of scientists has to be officially confirmed before being published. There is a system in place for the confirmation or disconfirmation of scientific findings, namely, the replication of results by other scientists. Poor scientific work on the part of any one scientists, which can include anything from careless reporting practices to fraud, is not harmful. It will be exposed and rendered harmless when other scientists conduct experiments and obtain disconfirmatory results.
Which one of the following, if true, would weaken the argument?
A. Scientific experiments can go unchallenged for many years before they are replicated.
B. Most scientists work in universities, where their work is submitted to peer review before publication.
C. Most scientists are under pressure to make their work accessible to the scrutiny of replication.
D. In scientific experiments, careless reporting is more common than fraud.
E. Most scientists work as part of a team rather than alone.
答案：A
思路：作者说no必要有一个新的出版confirmation系统，因为Poor scientific work is not harmful，other scientists conduct experiments来正明正确的结果。A指出Scientific experiments can go unchallenged for many years，指出Poor scientific work is harmful，是weaken。
A. 无关
B. 无关
C. 无关
D. 无关
74. Governments have only one response to public criticism of socially necessary services: regulation of the activity of providing those services. But governments inevitably make the activity more expensive by regulating it, and that is particularly troublesome in these times of strained financial resources. However, since public criticism of childcare services has undermined all confidence in such services, and since such services are socially necessary, the government is certain to respond.
Which one of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?
A. The quality of child-care will improve.
B. The cost of providing child-care services will increase.
C. The government will use funding to foster advances in child-care.
D. If public criticism of policy is strongly voiced, the government is certain to respond.
E. If child-care services are not regulated, the cost of providing childcare will not increase.
A. 无关信息
B. 有效的建立了关系：government respond --- > regulation --- > make the activity
more expensive troublesome --- > troublesome in financial resources --- >cost increase. (B )
C. 无关信息：
D. 无关信息
E. 是否命题, 不能得到的结论
75. Advertisers are often criticized for their unscrupulous manipulation of people’s tastes and wants. There is evidence, however, that some advertisers are motivated by moral as well as financial considerations. A particular publication decided to change its image from being a family newspaper to concentrating one sex and violence, thus appealing to a different readership. Some advertisers withdrew their advertisements from the publication, and this must have been because they morally disapproved of publishing salacious material.
Which one of the following, if true, would most strengthen the argument?
A. The advertisers switched their advertisements to other family newspapers.
B. Some advertisers switched from family newspapers to advertise in the changed publication.
C. The advertisers expected their product sales to increase if they stayed with the changed publication, but to decrease if they withdrew.
D. People who generally read family newspapers are not likely to buy newspapers that concentrate on sex and violence.
E. It was expected that the changed publication would appeal principally to those in a different income group.
答案：C
思路：
A. 支持但不是最强
B. advertisers考虑了publication转变了不同的读者群，还是financial considerations。
C. 直接举证说明原因：是为了moral，应为sales会increase if they stayed with the changed publication，但sales会decrease if they withdrew。
D. 无关
E. 无关