面对
及物动词加介词:固定词组的固定搭配中,经常出现倒装情况。
例如:bring A to B,写作:Bring to B A例:Yet Walter’s argument , however deficient , does point to one of the most serious weaknesses of capitalism-namely , that it brings to predominant positions in a society people who ,no matter how legitimately they have earned their material rewards , often lack those other qualities that evoke affection or admiration.
翻译:然而,沃尔泽的论点,无论它不充分到何种地步,确实揭示了资本主义体制中最为严重的一个弱点,即它将某一类人置于社会中的显赫位置,这类人无论以怎样合法的手段获得了其物质报酬,却常常缺乏其它那些能唤起他人爱戴和钦佩的品质。
如果从bring A to B的角度去分析这个句子,则这个句子应该将people who....or admiration写到it brings 后面,之所以原句子不这样做,则遵循了英语的句尾信息焦点原则,从而尾部信息成为一种受到强调的部位.根据这条原则,说话人要强调什么意思,便可以让他出现在句子的句尾,而传递的信息便主次分明了.句尾信息焦点和“尾重”原则就是采用这一原理.对比下面这两句话:
The patient was taken good care of, and began to recover immediately.
The patient was taken good care of, and immediately began to recover.
这两个句子的意思都是病人受到了很好的照顾,很快开始康复.但第一句的意义重心是immediately, 强调了康复的速度,而第二句的意义重心则在于"康复"而不强调"马上"
另外上面的第一个例句中的倒装部分还考虑了一个因素,那就是使之读起来不至于让人产生头重脚轻的感觉,而“people who....or admiration”带有一个较长的定语从句,所以就放在了末尾,另外作者在本句中所强调的部分显然是"often lack those other qualities that evoke affection or admiration,却常常缺乏其它那些能唤起他人爱戴和钦佩的品质"另外"no matter how......material rewards"为本句当中的一个插入语成分.
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