杨鹏
杨鹏托福阅读长难句内容节选:
1.Such variations in size, shape,chemistry, conduction speed, excitation threshold,and the like as had been demonstrated in nerve cells remained negligible in significance for any possible correlation with the manifold dimensions of mental experience.(5)
难免类型:复杂修饰
译文:类似于这些已经被在神经细胞中证明的在大小、形状、化学过程、产生的速度、兴奋阈值及其类似的方面上所发生变化,当他们被用来与大脑的体验以可能的方式联系起来的时候,他们在重要性上仍然是微不足道的。
解释:即使是初练难免的人其实也很熟悉 such thing as something 这样的语言方式,可是当中间的小东西 thing 居然变成了一个长达十二个单词的大东西的时候,实在令人搞不清后面的 as 及其后的 something 到底为哪方神圣。再加上以 such as 为中心的长主语距离系动词 remain 太远,更增加了本句的难度。请读者反复阅读,直到读出这样的感觉:顺序阅读原文时,原文似乎就是几大块,就好像是 such things as a remain negligible in a certain sense.
2.Although some experiments show that,as an object becomes familiar,its internal representation becomes more holistic and the recognition process correspondingly more parallel,the weight of evidence seems to support the serial hypothesis, at least for objects that are not notably simple and familiar. (4+)
虽然某些实验表明,随着一个物体变得熟悉起来,其内心再现图像亦更具整体感,辨认过程相应地更趋于平行,但证据的砝码似乎在支持序列假设(serial hypothesis),至少是对于那些不甚简单、不甚熟悉的物体来说。
难句类型:复杂修饰、插入语、省略
解释:在 Although 引导的分句中,谓语 shows 后面跟着一个长长的宾语从句,从句中先出现一个插入语 as an object becomes familiar,之后的内容是由 and 连接的两套并列的主谓宾。其实 and 前后就是两个句子,只不过作者省略了后面的句子中与前面相同的引导词 that 和谓语 become。
句子中有一个生词 holistic,其实即使不认识,也能用合理化原则猜出它是后面 serial 的反义词、parallel 的同义词,大约是统一、完整或同时的意思;其实只要能理解到其是与 serial 相反的意思即可。