1. 从句子之间联系解题
例题:
These laws are universal in their application, regardless of cultural beliefs, geography, or climate. If pots have no bottoms or have large openings in their sides, they could hardly be considered containers in amy traditional senses. Since the laws of physics, not some arbitrary decision, have determined the general form of applied-art objects, they follow basic patterns, so much so that functional forms can vary only within certain limits.
The word they in the passage refers to
a.applied-art objects
b.the laws of physics
c.containers
d.the sides of pots
分析:
从指代词的功能来看,指代词所指代的对象一般都是同个句子中或者紧邻上句中提到过的某个人物、物品或者事件等等,不可能指代之前很早出现的或者之后才会出现的内容。了解这一点可以帮助大家快速发现和排除一些明显有问题的选项。比如上题中选项C的containers和选项D的the sides of pots,都是本段中出现在相对靠前位置的名词,而在本句中并不存在,所以可以首先直接排除。而在剩余的选项A和B当中,能够follow basic pattern的从词义上来看也是选项A的applied-art objects更为符合一些,所以正确选项就是A。
2. 从语法结构来解题
例题:
Pent-up aggressive impulses demand outlets. They may be expressed toward parents in indirect ways such as destroying furniture, or they may be expressed toward strangers later in life.
The word they in the passage refers to
a. future explosions
b. pent-up aggressive impulses
c. outlets
d. indirect ways
分析:
这道题目的指代对象就是选项B的pent-up aggresive impluses,但由于问题的they是句子中的第二个they,可能考生就会不太清楚指代对象,但其实这种情况是很容易解决的,打击可以看到第二个句子的前后半句用一个or来连接,而这种连接表示的逻辑关系就是并列,既然是并列那么两个they指代的对象显然应该是一致的。第一个they紧跟着前面一句所以很容易看出指代对象是pent-up aggresive impluses,那么第二个they的指代对象自然也是它了。所以考生在做指代题时,通过判断句子之间的逻辑关系,也能非常迅速地找到指代对象完成解答。
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