1.Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the
Earth’s surface，the deep—ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans，in some ways as
forbidding and remote as the void of outer space.
(定语后置 in some ways…)
由于完全没有光，而且承受着比在地球表面大数百倍的极大压力，深海底部对人类而言是一
个充满敌意的环境，在某些方面就像外层空间一样险恶和遥远。
分句 1：Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures
分句 2：hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface
分句 3：the deep—ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans
分句 4：in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space
分句 2 修饰分句 1 结尾的短语 intense pressures，
分句 1 是分句 3 的原因状语
分句 3 是整个长句子的主句
分句 4 是分句 3 的后置定语，修饰分句 3 的 a hostile environment to humans
整个句子结构是：
原因状语+主句+后置定语
这是主句前后分别有状语和定语的修饰成分，但是本句其实不是复合句。句子的核心意思是
深海对于人类而言是一个充满敌意的环境。
2.Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War is the
country's impressive population growth.
(倒装结构 Basic to any understanding…is…)
要理解二战之后 20 年中的加拿大，就必须了解该国惊人的人口增长。
分句 1：Basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the Second World War
分句 2：is
分句 3：the country's impressive population growth
分句 1，2，3 共同构成倒装句，正常的语序应该是 3，2，1，即：该句的正常语序是 The country's
impressive population growth is basic to any understanding of Canada in the 20 years after the
Second World War.
本句是一个简单句，只不过使用了倒装，谓语动词是 is
3.As a result，claims that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or
cures disease or provides other benefits to health have become widely publicized and form the
basis for folklore.
(同位语从句 claims that…)
结果，那些认为只食用绿色食品就能防治疾病或增进健康的观点广为人知，并成为一些民间
说法的基础。
分句 1： that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically grown foods prevents or cures disease
or provides other benefits to health
分句 2：claims have become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore
分句 2 嵌套分句 1，分句 1 作为分句 2 主语的同位语从句嵌套在分句 2 中。因此本句的主句
是 claims have become widely publicized and form the basis for folklore. 那些观点广为人知，并
成为一些民间说法的基础。同位语从句是 that eating a diet consisting entirely of organically
grown foods prevents or cures disease or provides other benefits to health：只食用绿色食品就能
防治疾病或增进健康