Not only did they cater to the governor and his circle，but citizens from all over the colony came to the capital for legislative sessions of the assembly and council and the meetings of the courts of justice.
(特殊结构not only…but;倒装Not only did…)
不仅他们为总督和他的圈子提供服务，而且殖民地各地的公民来首府参加两院和市政会的立法会议以及法庭会议。
分句1：Not only did they cater to the governor and his circle
分句2：but citizens from all over the colony came to the capital for legislative sessions of the assembly and council and the meetings of the courts of justice.
1和2并列
倒装+省略: 正常语序：They did not only cater to the governor and his circle, but citizens from all over the colony (also) came to the capital for legislative sessions of the assembly and council and the meetings of the courts of justice.
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