Rent control is the system whereby the local government tells building owners how much they can charge their tenants in rent.
(whereby=by which，引导定语从句，表示手段)
租金管制是政府借以告诉房主他们可以收取多少租金的系统。
分句1：Rent control is the system
分句2：whereby the local government tells building owners
分句3：how much they can charge their tenants in rent.
分句1是整个长句子的主句
分句2是分句1的定语从句，whereby相当于我们熟悉的by which
分句3是2的宾语从句，修饰tell 的内容宾语(因为tell有双宾语)
1和2嵌套
2和3嵌套
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