雅思口语核心词汇:中国文化、运动、天气等

2022-05-19 15:01:27

  雅思口语核心词汇是根据雅思口语高频话题涉及到的话题范围而总结整理的词汇,所以非常具有实用价值,考生在备考的时候可以对这些词汇进行适当的参考。

  一、雅思口语核心词汇:运动词汇

  aerobics 有氧操,body-building 健美,jogging 慢跑,judo 柔道,wresting 摔跤,ball games 球类运动,football 足球,basketball 篮球,tennis 网球,squash 壁球,rugby 橄榄球,volleyball 排球,golf 高尔夫球,table tennis 乒乓球,badminton 羽毛球,baseball 棒球,cricket 板球,hockey 曲棍球,billiard 台球,softball 垒球,ice hockey 冰球,aquatic sports 水上运动,country sports 乡间户外活动(如打猎, 钓鱼, 射击, 赛马等)

  a favourite sport 受人喜爱的运动项目,the school sports 学校运动会,sports extra 体育增刊,a sports meet [meeting] 运动会,a sports field 运动场,sportscast n., v.[美](播送)体育节目,sportscaster n. 体育节目广播员,sports-down n. [美]运动界,sports-minded adj. 关心体育的,sportswriting n. 体育新闻的报道或写作,sports-wear n.运动服装,sports-writer 体育运动专栏作家,sportsdom [美]体育界

  有关运动的人员:

  amateur 业余运动员,爱好者,contestant, competitor, player 运动员,enthusiast, fan 迷,爱好者,guide领队,instructor 教练,技术指导,linesman, touch judge (橄榄球)裁判,manager 经纪人 ,professional职业运动员,referee, umpire (网球.棒球)裁判,trainer 助理教练,batsman 板球运动员,batter 击球运动员,men's singles 单打运动员,in the mixed doubles 混合双打 a football player足球运动员 the goalkeeper 守门员 运动员,an athlete / a sportsman / a sports-woman田径运动员 a professional / amateur player职业/ 业余运动员(球类运动员)  the coach 教练 his opponents / rivals他的对手

  体育设施词汇:

  sports stadium 露天运动场,football stadium 有看台的大型足球场,children's stadium 儿童运动场,ice stadium 冰场,swimming stadium 有看台的游泳场,football pitch 足球场,rugby pitch 橄榄球场,hockey pitch 曲棍球场,cricket pitch 板球场,swimming pool 游泳池,natatorium(室内游泳池),tennis court 网球场,basketball court 篮球场,squash court 壁球场,volleyball court 排球场,badminton court 羽毛球场,golf course 高尔夫球场,exercise area 运动区,ice [skating] rink 溜冰场,ping pong tables 乒乓球案

  滑雪滑冰运动:

  skiing 滑雪,ski 滑雪板,滑雪橇,downhill race 速降滑雪赛,滑降,slalom 障碍滑雪,ski jumping competition 跳高滑雪比赛,ski jump 跳高滑雪,ice skating 滑冰,figure skating 花样滑冰,roller skating 滑旱冰,bobsleigh, bobsled 雪橇

  游泳运动:

  swimming pool 游泳池,changing room 更衣室,shower 淋浴,diving platform 跳台,diving pool 跳水池,non-swimmer's pool 浅水池,swimmer's pool 深水池,swimming lane 泳道,lifesaver, lifeguard救生员,breaststroke 蛙泳,crawl stroke 爬泳,back stroke 仰泳,side stroke 侧泳,butterfly stroke蝶泳,surfing 冲浪,surfboard 冲浪板,water ski 滑水橇

  自行车:

  cyclist 骑自行车者,bicycle, cycle, bike 自行车,cycle track 自行车赛车道,cycling 自行车赛,to ride a bicycle 骑自行车,hand signals 手势, tandem 双轮双座自行车,racing cycle 公路赛车,cycling stadium 自行车赛车场#p#副标题#e#

  二、雅思口语核心词汇:中国文化

  传统文化:

  八卦 trigram

  阴、阳 yin, yang

  道 Dao

  江湖(世界) the jianghu World (the traits’ world)

  e.g. You can’t control everything in a traits’ world. (人在江湖,身不由己)

  道 Daoism(Taoism)

  上火 excessiveinternal heat

  儒学 Confucianism

  红学(《红楼梦》研究) redology

  世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia

  开放 kaifang (Chinese opennessto the outside world)

  伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded

  合乎国情,顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people

  乱摊派,乱收费 impositionof arbitrary quotas and service charge

  脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty

  治则兴,乱则衰 Order leads to prosperityand chaos to decline

  传统节日:

  国庆节 National Day

  中秋节 Mid-Autumn Day/Festival

  春节 Spring Festival

  元宵节 LanternFestival

  儿童节 Children’s Day

  端午节 Dragon Boat Festival

  妇女节 Women’s Day

  泼水节 Water-SplashingDay

  教师节 Teachers’ Day

  五四青年节 Youth Day#p#副标题#e#

  传统小吃:

  馄饨 wonton

  锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)

  花卷 steamed twisted rolls

  套餐 set meal

  盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away

  米豆腐 rice tofu

  魔芋豆腐 konjaktofu

  米粉 rice noodles

  冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc。)

  火锅 chafing dish

  八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding

  粉丝 glass noodles

  豆腐脑 jellied bean curd

  现代建设:

  中国 电信 China Telecom

  中国 移动 China Mobile

  十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan

  中国电脑联网 Chinanet

  三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project

  希望工程 Project Hope

  扶贫工程 Anti-PovertyProject

  菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project

  温饱工程 Decent-Life Project

  安居工程 Economy Housing Project

  西部大开发 Go-West Campaign#p#副标题#e#

  综艺表演:

  小品 witty skits

  相声 cross-talk

  噱头;掉包袱 gimmick, stunt

  夜猫子 night people; night-owls

  本命年 this animal year of sb。

  处世之道 philosophyof life

  姻缘 yinyuan(prefixed fate of marriage)

  还愿 redeem a wish (vows)

 

  大陆中国 Mainland China

  红色中国 socialistChina

  四化 Four Modernizations

  终生职业 job-for-life

  铁饭碗 iron rice bowl

  外出打工人员 migrantworkers

  关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild

  传统习俗:

  叩头 kowtow

  孔子Confucius

  牌楼 pailou;pai-loo

  武术 wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)

  功夫 kungfu ;kung fu

  中庸 the way of medium(cf. Golden Means)

  孝顺 to show filial obedience

  孝子 dutiful son

  家长 family head

  多子多福:The more sons/children, the more blessing/great happiness

  养儿防老:raising sons to support one in one’s old age#p#副标题#e#

  现代发展:

  基层监督 grass-roots supervision

  基础税率 base tariff level

  婚介所 matrimonial agency

  婚外恋 extramaritallove

  婚纱摄影 bride photo

  即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery

  集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development

  家政服务 household management service

  加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientationis maintained in public opinion

  假帐 accounting fraud

  扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group

  扩大内需,刺激消费expand domesticdemand and consumption

  三、雅思口语核心词汇:家庭

  Elderly老年人

  filial duty 子女的义务

  dutiful/ filial 忠实的, 顺从的, 守本分的, 恭敬的, 孝敬的

  the elderly/senior citizens老年人

  the aging is a social problem. 人口老龄化是一个社会问题

  bed-ridden 卧床不起

  their health is declining. 他们的健康每况愈下

  be paralyzed 瘫痪,麻痹

  sit in a wheelchair/move around in a wheelchair坐轮椅

  nursing one’s sick parents 照料生病的父母

  nursing home 老人院

  old people’s home 老人院

  social welfare 社会福利

  be financially independent 经济独立

  be retired 退休

  pensioner领养老金者,抚恤金领取者,领年金者, 跟班

  do not want to be regarded as a burden 不想被当作负担

  live an isolated life 与世隔绝

  live apart from children 不跟孩子一起住

  spend one’s remaining days happily 颐养天年

  fulfil the responsibility of bringing up the young and taking care of the old 尽养育孩子和赡养老人的义务

  the generation gap 代沟

  be widowed寡居,鳏居

  widow/widower 寡妇/鳏夫

  life expectancy 平均寿命(=expectation of life)

  Parenting(父母对子女的)养育

  have a family of one’s own 拥有自己的家庭

  be pregnant 怀孕

  on maternity leave 休产假

  give birth to a baby 生孩子

  take a baby to the kindergarten 送孩子去幼儿园

  breadwinner养家活口的人, 负担家计的人

  make ends meet收支相抵,收支平衡

  provide financial and emotional support to the young

  parental abuse 虐待父母

  ill-treat/maltreat vt. 虐待, 滥用#p#副标题#e#

  四、雅思口语核心词汇:各类身份的尊称

  1.Your Majesties 为“国王和王后陛下”。Majesty是对帝王和王后的尊称。Your Majesty用于直接称呼,His/Her Majesty用于间接称呼。Majesties用来指国王和王后,女王及其丈夫,王族,王室成员们,这个表达方式是雅思口语中用以形容英国皇室最重要的,大家一定要记住。

  2.Your Highness 为“殿下”是对皇亲的尊称,也可以译为Your Royal/Imperial/Serene Highness。目前,世界上能用到这个词组的也不少,所以也要归为雅思口语词汇之一。

  3.Your Excellency为“阁下”是用来称呼大使,总督的尊称,不可作为普通敬语随便乱用。这个表达方式是比较常见的雅思口语,需要记忆。

  4.The Honorable 也可以是“阁下”用来称呼大使,总督外的首相,总理,大臣等身份特殊的人。

  5.尽管有些贵宾并无以上所说的特殊身份,但是在中文礼仪祝辞中经常把他们称为阁下,在译成英文时绝对不能一律说成“Your Excellency”或“The Honorable ”。此时可以简单的译成“Mr./Miss./Mrs。”即可。

  6.贵族爵位peerages分为公爵Duke,侯爵Marquis或Marquess,伯爵Earl,子爵Viscount和男爵Baron。对公爵和公爵夫人Duchess尊称为Grace,His/Her Grace间接称呼时用。侯爵,伯爵,子爵和男爵都可以称为" Lord "(勋爵)。直接称呼时,都可以称Your lordship 。间接提及时可用"Lord +姓"或“Lord+地名” 。对爵士则尊称为"Sir",爵士的夫人也可称"Lady"。这些爵士爵位在雅思口语核心词汇中,并不需要大家都记住,但是了解是十分必要的。

  五、雅思口语核心词汇:NBA战术动作

  NBA 各种投篮方式

  (slam) dunk:(强力)灌篮

  bank shot:擦板球

  double pump:拉杆式投篮(verb)

  fade-away shot:后仰式跳投

  hook shot:钩射投篮

  jump shot:跳投

  layup:带球上篮

  perimeter shot:中距离投篮

  set shot:立定投篮

  three-point shot:三分球

  NBA 各种统计术语

  assist:助功

  block shot:阻攻,盖火锅儿

  defensive rebound:防守篮板球

  field goal percentage:投球命中率

  field goal:投球命中

  free throw percentage:罚球命中率

  free throw:罚球offensive rebound:进攻篮板球

  rebound:篮板球

  scoring:得分

  steal:抄截

  three-point shot percentage:三分球命中率

  turnover:失误

  NBA 规则篇

  blocking foul:阻挡犯规

  buzzer:(比赛用的)蜂鸣器(表示时间终了,换人…等)

  charging foul:(带球)撞人(犯规)

  dead ball:死球(停止比赛进行时段)

  defensive basket interference:防守方干扰投篮得分

  delay of game:阻碍比赛之正常进行

  disqualification:犯满离场,"毕业"

  double dribble:两次运球(违例)

  ejection:驱逐出场

  elbowing:打拐子

  expiration (of game, first half…):(全场比赛,上半场…的比赛)时间终了

  first half:上半场

  first (second, third, fourth) period:比赛的第一(第二,第三,第四)节

  five ticks left on the (game clock, shot clock…):(全场比赛,时限钟上…的)时间只剩下5秒钟

  flagrant foul:恶性犯规

  foul:犯规

  foul out:犯满离场,"毕业"

  foul trouble:快要犯满离场,"领到一张准毕业证书"

  full timeout:全时(100秒的)暂停

  goaltending:干扰投篮得分

  hand-checking:以手掌推挡对方进攻球员之犯规动作

  held ball:持球(双方均持球不放)

  illegal defense:防守违例

  illegal offense:进攻违例(见isolation)

  isolation:四位进攻球员在一边,而由第五位球员单吃对方防守球员

  jump ball:争球,跳球

  loose ball foul:双方均无持球权时的犯规(通常发生于双方争夺篮板球时)#p#副标题#e#

  offensive basket interference:进攻方干扰投篮得分

  out of bound:球出界线(千万不要说outside)

  overtime:加时赛,延长赛

  referee:裁判

  second half:下半场

  shot clock violation:违反24秒内必须投篮(并且球必须触及篮框)时限之规定

  substitute:换人(上场、下场)

  suspension:停止出赛(之处罚)

  technical foul:技术犯规

  ten-second violation:进攻方10秒钟内未带球过中场之违例

  three-second violation:(篮下)3秒钟之违例

  throw a punch:出拳打架

  throw in:发球入场

  traveling:(带球)走步

  twenty-second timeout:只有20秒钟之暂停

  walking:(带球)走步

  NBA 战术篇

  backdoor cut:从两边底线往篮下的战术

  block out:把对方球员挡住,使其不易强到篮球赛,卡位

  cut:切入

  double team:用两位防守球员包夹进攻球员

  dribble out the time:进攻方以运球方式消耗掉比赛所剩下时间

  eat up the clock:进攻方以运球或传球方式消耗掉比赛所剩下时间

  fast break:快攻

  foul strategy:犯规战术

  give and go:(进攻方持球球员的)传切战术

  jockey for position:(篮下)卡位

  milk the time away:进攻方以运球或传球方式消耗掉比赛所剩下时间

  one-one-one defense:人盯人防守

  pick and roll:(进攻方做掩护之球员的)挡切战术

  post-up play:(进攻方持球球员背对篮框)单吃对方防守球员之战术

  triple team:用三位防守球员包夹进攻球员

  zone defense:区域防守,区域联防

  六、雅思口语核心词汇:NBA 动作篇

  (throw a) baseball pass:(快攻时)长传

  (shoot) an air ball:(投)篮外空心球,"面包"

  behind-the-back dribble:背后(换手)运球

  carrying the ball:"翻球"

  cross-leg dribble:胯下运球

  dribble:运球

  driving to the hoop:带球上篮

  four-point play:投进3分球后因被犯规再罚进一分

  hacking:打手犯规

  holding:拉手犯规

  make the basket:投篮得分

  make the hoop:投篮得分

  monster dunk:狂猛灌篮

  nothing but the net:空心球(入篮)

  palming:"翻球"

  reverse dunk:倒灌篮

  reverse lay-up:反手走篮

  shoot behind the arc:投三分球

  score a basket:投篮得分

  swish:空心球(入篮)

  tap in:托球入篮

  three-point play:投进2分球后因被犯规再罚进一分#p#副标题#e#

  七、雅思口语核心词汇:NBA球员球队

  NBA 球队一览

  Western Conference西区

  Pacific Division 大西洋组

  Golden State Warriors 金州勇士队

  LA Clippers 洛杉矶快艇队

  LA Lakers 洛杉矶湖人队

  Phoenix Suns凤凰城太阳队

  Portland Trailblazers (简称Blazers) 波特兰拓荒者队

  Sacramento Kings 沙加缅度国王队

  Seattle Supersonics (简称Sonics) 西雅图超音速队

  Midwest Division 中西部区

  Dallas Mavericks 达拉斯小牛队

  Denver Nuggets 丹佛金砖队

  Houston Rockets 休斯敦火箭队

  Minnesota Timberwolves 明尼苏达木狼队

  San Antonio Spurs 圣安东尼

  Utah Jazz犹他爵士队

  Vancouver Grizzlies 温哥华灰熊队

  Eastern Conference 东区

  Atlantic Division 大西洋组

  Miami Heat 迈阿密热浪队

  New York Knickerbockers (简称Knicks) 纽约尼克队

  Philadelphia 76ers 费城七十六人队

  Orlando Magic奥兰多魔术队

  Boston Celtics 波士顿塞尔蒂克队

  New Jersey Nets 纽泽西篮网队

  Washington Wizards 华盛顿魔法师队

  Central Division

  Atlanta Hawks 亚特兰大老鹰队

  Charlotte Hornets 夏洛特黄蜂队

  Chicago Bulls 芝加哥公牛队

  Cleveland Cavaliers克里夫兰骑士队

  Detroit Pistons底特律活塞队

  Indiana Pacers 印地安纳溜马队

  Milwaukee Bucks 密尔瓦基雄鹿队

  Toronto Raptors 多伦多暴龙队

  八、雅思口语核心词汇:NBA 球队球员篇

  assistant coach:助理教练

  backcourt:后卫组(包括控球后卫及得分后卫)

  backup:后备(替换,支持)球员

  bench:(指全体)后备(替换,支持)球员

  bench player:(指个人)后备(替换,支持)球员

  center中锋(又称5号位置球员)

  coach:教练

  frontline:锋线(包括大前锋,小前锋,中锋)

  GM(general manager):球队经理

  Mascot:球队吉祥物

  MVP:最有价值球员

  one-guard:控球后卫

  point guard:控球后卫

  power forward:大前锋(又称4号位置球员)

  rookie:第二年球员,菜鸟(球员)

  shooting guard:得分后卫

  sixth man:第六人

  small forward:小前锋(又称3号位置球员)

  sophomore:第二年球员

  starter:(指个人)先发球员

  starting lineup:(指全体)先发球员

  swingman:摇摆人(指兼能担任得分后卫及小前锋的球员)

  trainer:球队训练员

  two-guard:得分后卫

  veteran:资深球员,老鸟(球员)

  NBA 比赛篇

  away game:客场比赛

  final:总决赛

  first round:首轮比赛

  GB (games behind):落后战绩最领先球队的胜场场数

  guest team:客队

  home court:主场

  home court advantage:主场优势

  home game:主场比赛

  home team:主队

  losing streak:连败场数,连败纪录

  post season:季后赛

  regular season:季赛

  road game:客场比赛

  schedule:赛程

  semi-final:准决赛

  standings:战绩(表)

  winning streak:连胜场数,连胜纪录

  NBA 场地装备篇

  backboard:篮板

  back court:后场

  freethrow lane:罚球圈,禁区

  freethrow line:罚球线

  front court:前场

  game clock:比赛用时钟

  halftime:中场休息时间

  hoop:篮框,篮圈

  mid-court:中场

  net:篮网

  painted area:罚球圈,禁区

  restricted area near the basket:禁区内篮框下的小圆圈区域

  rim:篮框,篮圈

  scoring table:记录台,记分台

  shot clock:时限钟(进攻方在24秒内必须投篮,并且球必须触及篮框,否则即违例)

  three-point line:三分(球)线

  top of the circle:靠近禁区顶端之三分(球)线附近

  wing:(左、右两边)底线区域#p#副标题#e#

  九、雅思口语核心词汇:天气

  寒潮:Cold Snap

  例句:Cold snap brings snow---Beijing's first snowfall this winter, which began on Saturday night and lasted until Sunday afternoon, surprised locals.

  寒潮带来降雪——北京今冬的初雪让当地居民颇感意外。这场雪从上周六晚间一直持续到周日下午。

  平均气温:average temperature

  摄氏度(℃):degree Centigrade

  华氏度 (℉): degree Fahrenheit ,PS:华氏与摄氏的换算F=9/5C+32

  例句:It's twenty-five degrees Centigrade(25℃) or it's seventy-eight degrees Fahrenheit(78℉).

  摄氏二十五度,或者说是华氏七十八度。

  降雨量: precipitation 这个词较为复杂,在口语中用rainfall就可以了。

  例句:Annual precipitation in Beijing is around 580 mm (22.8 in), and the majority of it falls in the summer months.

  在北京,年度降雨量为580毫米左右,约合22.8英寸,主要分布在夏季。

  四季如春:like spring all the year round

  例句:I've heard the weather in Kunming is ideal, just like spring most of the year.

  我听说昆明天气宜人,四季如春。

  四季分明:(have/ enjoy/boast/ with)four distinctive seasons

  例句:Enjoying a wild climate and four distinctive seasons, the environment of Luohe city is peaceful and elegant.

  漯河城市风景秀丽,环境幽雅,气候温和湿润,四季分明。

  气候适宜:(have/ enjoy/boast/ with)agreeable/ideal /pleasant/ moderate weather

  梅雨季节:plum rain season,外国人可能对中国的“梅雨”很难理解,可以简而言之,就是 rainy season。

  例句:Like other cities in Jiangsu Province, Suzhou also has a very long rainy period, called the plum rain season, so an umbrella is advisable to be equipped during the season.

  和江苏的其他城市一样,苏州的雨季很长,被称为梅雨季节,所以在这个时间段旅游苏州最好带上伞哦!

  台风季节:typhoon season

  例句:Typhoon season in Hong Kong is possible in September. All shops and banks are closed when typhoon signal is raised.

  香港的台风季节是九月份左右,当台风预警信号达8号以上时,商店和银行都暂停营业。PS:香港台风预警信号,与大陆不同,1号为最弱, 10号最强。

  “四大火炉”:长江流域的重庆、武汉、南京、长沙四大夏季气候炎热的大城市被传称为“四大火炉”。 four major 'stove' cities in China

  日照时间长:Sunshine duration is long

  昼夜温差大:large temperature differences/ extreme temperatures day and night

  中暑:get sunstroke

  例句:It is not recommended to travel to Shigatse from November to April, because of the large temperature difference day and night. Tourists get sunstroke easily at noon while feel frozen stiff in the evening.

  每年的11月至待来年的4月日喀则地区昼夜温差很大,我们是不建议大家去那里旅游的。游客在中午很容易中暑,而在晚上很容易冻僵。

  高原反应/ 急性高山病:altitude stress / acute mountain sickness

  例句:And my head aches from the altitude...

  还有高原反应带来的头痛

  Passengers who have severe altitude illness should ask for an emergency oxygeny pack.

  高原反应比较严重的旅客也可以使用急救吸氧袋。

  沙尘暴:duststorm/ sandstorm#p#副标题#e#

  十、雅思口语核心词汇之“走”的表达

  1.stagger(蹒跚)The drunkard staggered from the coffee shop and clung to a lamp-post.

  2. plod(重步行走)The hitch-hikers reached the town after a long walk and plodded wearily to the hotel.

  3. pace(踱步)The man whose wife was expecting the first baby was pacing nervously up and down the hospital corridor.

  4.loiter(游荡) After class, the children did not go home direct but loitered on the way.

  5.stride(大步走)The manager strode into the office and asked who was late for work.

  6. stray(迷途)The puppy strayed from its home and was completely lost.

  7. strut(昂头阔步)The cock is strutting up and down the farm yard.

  8. ramble(漫步)After dinner, I went rambling in the park.

  9lurk(潜行).The thief has been lurking in a corner for his unsuspecting victims.

  10.creep (爬行)Not wishing to be noticed, the boy crept down stairs.

  11. stroll(闲逛)At the weekend, Tom and his friends went strolling in the town.

  12. stumble(绊倒)In her hurry, the maid stumbled and fell flat on the floor.

  13.trudge(艰难地走) The farmer trudged home with his hoe.

  14. scramble(攀爬)The mountaineers scrambled up the hill side.

  15.lurch(摇摆不定)The car lurched forward across the grass.

  16. limp(跛行)With one leg hurt, John limped home.

  17. prowl(四处觅食)Beasts come out to prowl after their prey at night.

  18. crawl(爬行)Before babies can walk, they crawl.

  19. march(迈进)The victorious army marched into the conquered city.

  20.rush(快步走)The pedestrians rushed here and there in the rain.

 


 

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