abandon
中文词源
来自古法语短语 à bandon，由 à(at，to)+ bandon(权力，管辖权)组成，字面意思就是“使自己处于……的管辖之下”，常用来表示放弃自己的权利、独立性或应尽的义务。其中法语单词 bandon(权力)与英语单词 ban(禁令)有关，而 ban 原本指的是封建领主在自己的领地上拥有管辖权，可以发布公告，要求或禁止人们做什么。同源词：ban(禁令)，banish(放逐)，bandit(强盗、法外之徒)，contraband(走私、禁运品)，banns( 结婚预告)。
英语词源
abandon
abandon: [14] The Old French verb abandoner is the source of abandon. It was based on a bandon, meaning literally ‘under control or jurisdiction’, which was used in the phrase mettre a bandon ‘put someone under someone else’s control’ – hence ‘abandon them’. The word bandon came, in altered form, from Latin bannum ‘proclamation’, which is circuitously related to English banns ‘proclamation of marriage’ and is an ancestor of contraband.
=> banns, contraband
abandon (v.)
late 14c., "to give up, surrender (oneself or something), give over utterly; to yield (oneself) utterly (to religion, fornication, etc.)," from Old French abandoner (12c.), from adverbial phrase à bandon "at will, at discretion," from à "at, to" (see ad-) + bandon "power, jurisdiction," from Latin bannum, "proclamation," from a Frankish word related to ban (v.).
Mettre sa forest à bandon was a feudal law phrase in the 13th cent. = mettre sa forêt à permission, i.e. to open it freely to any one for pasture or to cut wood in; hence the later sense of giving up one's rights for a time, letting go, leaving, abandoning. [Auguste Brachet, "An Etymological Dictionary of the French Language," transl. G.W. Kitchin, Oxford, 1878]
Etymologically, the word carries a sense of "put someone under someone else's control." Meaning "to give up absolutely" is from late 14c. Related: Abandoned; abandoning.
abandon (n.)
"a letting loose, surrender to natural impulses," 1822, from a sense in French abandon (see abandon (v.). Borrowed earlier (c. 1400) from French in a sense "(someone's) control;" and compare Middle English adverbial phrase at abandon, i.e. "recklessly," attested from late 14c.
权威例句
1. The officers and crew prepared to abandon ship in an orderly fashion.
全体船员秩序井然地准备弃船。
2. The market might abandon the stock, and knock down its price.
市场可能会抛售该股票，从而令其股价下跌。
3. The scheme's investors, fearful of bankruptcy, decided to abandon the project.
因为担心破产，该计划的投资者决定放弃这个项目。
4. Their decision to abandon the trip was made because of financial constraints.
他们决定放弃这次出游是因为财力有限。
5. Abandon hope all ye who enter here.
汝等进入此地，须弃绝希望。
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