2018年1月20日雅思写作考试中社会与政策类以及教育与就业类题目出现的概率会相对较高。建议考生多训练此话题的题目。但为防止考试方向出现突然变化，在备考过程中，社会与政策、媒体与文化、社会与媒体、社会与文化、社会与教育以及科技与交通都需要兼顾。
1.In many countries, people decide to have children at a later age than in the past, what are the reasons? Do advantages of this development outweigh disadvantages?
With a paradigm shift in social belief and people's fascination about having an enviable career, they tend to become parents at a later stage than the past. There are some prominent reasons for this and I personally believe that it has more negative consequences.
To begin with, the average year when people get married has increased than that of our ancestors. As a result, childbirth is naturally delayed. According to a recent survey, many young people who start their career after their graduation are more focused on their jobs than having their own family. Besides, many young people are undecided whether to marry or not. Eventually, when they get married, they are already in their mid-thirties and they take some time to settle and have some financial stability before having their first child. Furthermore, the old belief that a girl should be prepared to manage a family and have children earlier has changed and more wives work in offices than ever. The decline of the joint family has also contributed to this trend as couples solely take the decision of having a baby, unlike the past.
If we notice the detrimental impacts of this trend has, we would surely try to reverse it. The most cynical outcome of this trend is the number of couples struggling to become parents. It is scientifically proved that infertility rate among late childbirth couples is higher. Some of the couples eventually break up their marriages due to this and it brings unfathomable social problems. Furthermore, having a child in the early years of marriage makes the couple more family-oriented and this eventually helps them have a better future.
To conclude, late marriage, nuclear family structure, and more focuses on jobs are the main reasons for people who become parents at a later stage and this has undeniably more adverse results than the positive sides.
2.Government funding should only provide scholarships for the best students. All other funding of universities should come from student fees and private organizations. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
In recent years, governments provide large amount of funding for the development of education. However, whether public funds should be only used in scholarships for the top students is a controversial issue. In my opinion, governments have a responsibility to provide money for the most crucial areas of education.
First of all, governments are accountable to spend money on education. A good education program should not only include scholarships for the top students, but it should also develop educational facilities and spend for the training of educators. Governments have financial resources through taxation, which means that universities have sustainable source of money. Through receiving annual budget allocation from the state, academic institutions will progress.
Moreover, a school is the place where students acquire knowledge of different areas and work skills. If the state ensures that students have better education, then the latter could find a good job and contribute to society instead of paying off a huge student debt when they accomplish their respective degree. On the other hand, governments should give prizes to private organizations that donate money to the universities.
This is not to say that governments should expend for every aspect of schooling. They should invest in key areas, like research and advanced academic facilities. These fields will benefit all learners and guarantee an excellent quality of schooling.
In conclusion, governments should make every effort to support the education of citizens through providing financial aid to scholars and giving out sufficient budget for academic resources, educators and private institutions that subsidize schools. Only in this way, can our society become more prosperous.
3.An increasing number of people change their career and place of residence several times in their lives. Is it a positive or negative development?
It is believed that a lot of people have decided to change their jobs or workplaces, and living areas as well. Despite some negative developments that do exist, I personally believe that the changing activity is a positive development.
On the one hand, some potential risks may occur when people decide to change their jobs or residential areas. There is a risk that they might not perform well in their new roles, or not welcomed by the other employees. Besides that, there is also a chance that the new neighborhoods have high crime rates or the weather might not be friendly. However, changing a career and a living area is an essential thing; therefore people should study, do some researchers, analyze all of the problems and try to mitigate the risks before they make a decision.
On the other hand, it is true that when people changed their careers and area of living, they could find some benefits. Firstly, as people changed their works, they might become more successful than in their previous careers. In certain situations, some people might have felt that their current jobs are not in accordance with their passions. Therefore they prefer to change their occupations into other jobs that are more suitable for them. Secondly, living in new places or new cities gives them the opportunities to experience new things. They could feel the experiences of having new friends, learn new languages or even feel the different weather conditions.
In conclusion, I personally think that changing a career or living place is a positive development, as people could achieve higher careers in their lives and get more experiences in their life.
4.Development in technology causes environmental problems. Some people believe the solution in these problems is that everyone accepts a simpler way of life, while others say that technology can solve these problems. Discuss both view and give your own opinions.
People have argued about the negative effect of technology on the environment. A group of people think that rather than following the development of technology, we should have a simpler way of life. However, others disagree as they believe that technology could address environmental issues.
On the one hand, it is undeniable that the rapid development of technology has caused some environmental problems. Many inventions are beneficial for human beings, but they have a catastrophic effect on the environment. For example, the invention of cars that use fossil fuel has caused some serious effect on the world. The cars produce carbon monoxide which is not only dangerous for living creatures, but it also becomes the main cause of global warming. Therefore, some people believe that we should change our lifestyle into a simpler one. One of the ways is by using a friendly environmental transportation such as using a bicycle to commute. The bicycle is not only safe for the environment, but it could also be used as a way of exercise.
On the other hand, other people believe that technology could be used as a way to resolve environmental problems. As we can see that one of the biggest threat to the earth’s civilization is the usage of the plastic bag. The waste of plastic bags has become a big issue, as they could only be composed for about 100 years. However, with the new technology, scientists have found a new way of producing plastic bags. With the new formula, plastic bags could be recycled; therefore it would resolve one of the environmental issues.
In my opinion, I do believe that technology is beneficial for human beings if we used it wisely and proportionately. I personally believe that research for new technology should be continued, as we need to have improvements in life, but the government should review and monitor this research properly.