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Questions 11-20 are based on the following
passages.
Passage 1 is adapted from Shirley Chisholm, “Address to the United States House of Representatives, 21 May 1969.”
Passage 2 is adapted from Phyllis Schlafly, What’s Wrong with ‘Equal Rights’ for Women? ©1972 by Phyllis Schlafly.
The Equal Rights Amendment was a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution intended to prohibit discrimination on the basis of gender. Chisholm was a member of Congress when she made her address.
Passage 1
More than half of the population of the United States is female. But women occupy only 2 percent of the managerial positions. They have not even reached the level of tokenism yet. No women sit on the AFL-CIO council or Supreme Court. There have been only two women who have held Cabinet rank, and at present there are none. Only two women now hold ambassadorial rank in the diplomatic corps. In Congress, we are down to one Senator and Representatives.
Considering that there are about 3 1/2 million more women in the United States than men, this situation is outrageous....
It is for this reason that I wish to introduce today a proposal that has been before every Congress for the last 40 years and that sooner or later must become part of the basic law of the land—the equal rights amendment.
Let me note and try to refute two of the commonest arguments that are offered against this amendment. One is that women are already protected under the law and do not need legislation. Existing laws are not adequate to secure equal rights for women. Sufficient proof of this is the concentration of women in lower paying, menial, unrewarding jobs and their incredible scarcity in the upper level jobs. If women are already equal, why is it such an event whenever one happens to be elected to Congress?...
A second argument often heard against the equal rights amendment is that it would eliminate legislation that many States and the Federal Government have enacted giving special protection to women and that it would throw the marriage and
divorce laws into chaos.
As for the marriage laws, they are due for a sweeping reform, and an excellent beginning would be to wipe the existing ones off the books. Regarding special protection for working women, I cannot understand why it should be needed. Women
need no protection that men do not need. What we need are laws to protect working people to guarantee them fair pay. safe working conditions. protection against sickness and layoffs, and provision for dignified, comfortable retirement. Men and women need these things equally. That one sex needs protection more than the other is a male supremacist myth as ridiculous and unworthy of respect as the white supremacist myths that society is trying to cute itself of at this time.
Passage 2
In the last couple of years, a noisy movement has sprung up agitating for “women’s rights.” Suddenly everywhere we are afflicted aggressive females on television talk shows yapping about how mistreated American women are, suggesting that
marriage has put us in some kind of "slavery, "that housework is menial and degrading, and—perish the thought—that women are discriminated against. New “women’s liberation” organizations are popping up, agitating and demonstrating, serving demands on public officials, getting wide press coverage always, and purporting to speak for some 100,000,000 American women.
It’s time to set the record straight. The claim American women are downtrodden and unfairly treated is the fraud of the century. The truth is that American women never had it so good. Why should we lower ourselves to “equal rights” when we already have the status of special privilege? The proposed Equal Rights Amendment states that "Equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex,” So what’s wrong with that? Well, here are a few examples of what’s wrong with it. This Amendment will absolutely and positively
make women subject to the draft. Why any woman would support such a ridiculous and un-Americanas this is beyond comprehension.... Another bad effect of the Equal Rights Amendment is that it will abolish a woman’ right to child support and alimony, and substitute what the women’s libbers think is a more "equal" policy, that "such decisions should be within the discretion of Court and should be made on the economic situation and need of the parties in the case."
Under present American laws, the man is always required to support his wife and each child he caused to be bought into the world. Why should women abandon these good laws----by trading them for something so nebulous and uncertain as the “discretion of the Court”?
11 In Passage 1, Chisholm mentions the number of women in Congress most likely to
A)give one example of a profession with veryfew women in it.
B)point out how hard it is for women to getlegislation passed.
C)suggest how hard she has worked to become amember of Congress.
D)imply that if there were more women inCongress, the Equal Rights Amendment wouldhave passed already.
12 As used in line 14,"introduce" most nearly means
A)establish.
B)present
C)interject
D)preface.
13 In Passage 1, Chisholm indicates that the federal government and many state governments have previously
A)passed laws focused on women’s workingconditions.
B)ensured equal rights for women in the workplace.
C)reformed most of the marriage and divorcelaws.
D)refused to consider special protections forwomen.
14 In Passage 2, Schlafly’s use of quotation marks Around "women’s rights"(line 52) and "equal" (line 82) chiefly serves to
A)stress the urgency of the reforms referred to inthe quotations.
B)prevent misunderstanding by indicating thatChisholm’s exact words are being used.
C)suggest that the expressions are typically usedan insulting way.
D)ridicule the ideological positions underlying theuse of these terms.
15 In Passage 2,Schlafly’s use of the words “afflicted, “aggressive,” and “yapping”(lines 53-54) serves to support her main argument by
A)acknowledging her understanding of thecomplexity of the debate on gender equality.
B)conveying her implicit critique of thecontentious nature of American political debate.
C)suggesting that the positions taken by heropponents are unreasonable and annoying.
D)portraying her as personally attacked by heropponents rather than challenged on herargument’s merits.
16 Which choice best supports the idea that Schlafly believes that women’s circumstances are already superior to those of men?
A)Lines 59-63(“New…women”)
B)Lines 64-66(“It’s...century”)
C)Lines 67-69(“Why…privilege”)
D)Lines 70-73(“The proposed...of sex”)
17 According to Schlafly in Passage 2, the Equal Rights Amendment would eliminate a woman’s right to
A)join the military.
B)receive alimony.
C)be a homemaker.
D)have custody of her children.
18 Based on Passage 1, Chisholm would most likely respond to Schlafly’s assertion in lines 66-67 of Passage 2(“The truth...good”) with
A) concern, because of the polarizing nature ofsuch perspectives on women.
B)disagreement, because of the economic plightof many women in the country.
C)resignation, because there are valid argumentson both sides of this issue.
D)dismay, because of the number of women inAmerica who hold such beliefs.
19 Based on the passages, which statement describes how Schlafly would most likely respond to Chisholm’s remarks about the marriage and divorce laws of that time?
A)Revoking the marriage and divorce lawsrequires an amendment to the United StatesConstitution.
B)Activists who believe that marriage is akin toslavery overlook other ill effects of genderdiscrimination.
C)The Equal Rights Amendment should codifygender equality in areas other than child supportand alimony payments.
D)Current marriage and divorce laws should notbe changed because they provide a significantbenefit to women.
20 Which choice from Passage 2 provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question?
A)Lines 53-58(“Suddenly…against”)
B)Lines 75-76(“This...draft”)
C)Lines 76-78("Why...comprehension’’)
D)Lines 86-91(“Under…Court”)
答案：11-20 ABADC CBBDD
2017年11月SAT北美真题原文及答案