下面就是今天
1. In 2008, Muslims in the United States were the religious group most evenly ________ the political spectrum: 29 percent liberal, 38 percent moderate, 25 percent conservative.
A. distributed across B. predicted by C. concerned about
D. opposed to E. disconnected from
中文释义:2008年,:29%的是自由派,38%的是温和派,25%的是保守派。
题意解析:冒号后面部分是对前半句的解释说明,,并且每一派都是大约三分之一左右,所以分布的比较平均,因此空格部分填分布比较合适,B项是预测,C项是关注,D项是反对,E项是断开,切断,这些选项均不合文意,因此A项正确。
经典例句:The money was distributed among schools in the area. 这笔款项是在本地区的学校中分配的。
词汇解释:
spectrum:1. 范围;a continuous sequence or range;2. 光谱;a continuum of color formed when a beam of white light is dispersed
2. As one of history’s most visible proponents of ______, this activist lectured internationally on the evils of alcohol consumption.
A. debauchery B. suffrage C. democracy D. temperance E. individualism
中文释义:作为历史上最著名的禁酒主义支持者之一,这位活动家在国际上广为传播饮酒的种种弊端。
题意解析:逗号后面部分是对前半句的解释说明,从逗号后面可获得的信息是:这位活动家在国际上针对酒精的弊端广为宣传,说明他是禁酒行动的支持者,所以D项正确。A项是纵情酒色,B项是选举权,C项是民主,E项是个人主义,均不合题意所以排除。
词汇解释:
proponent:支持者;one who argues in favor of something
lecture:1. 演讲;to deliver a lecture or a course of lectures;2. 训诫;to reprove formally
3. By ______ many aspects of natural river ecosystems, some dams cause serious harm, producing ______ effects on water, land, wildlife, and even the atmosphere.
A. improving ... pernicious B. disrupting ... nominal C. inhibiting ... negligible
D. altering ... deleterious E. obliterating ... salutary
中文释义:一些水坝改变了天然河流生态系统的许多方面,因此对水、土地、野生动植物、甚至大气都会产生有害的影响。
题目解析:句子中动词和非谓语动词一个是cause,另一个是produce,两个单词是并列关系并且词义相似,所以后面所跟宾语词义应该也是相似的,与harm意义相似的只有A项pernicious以及D项deleterious,所以排除B、C、E项,但是A项第一个空格improve改善是一个具有积极含义的词,与下文中的损害不搭配,所以D项正确。
词汇解释:
pernicious:恶性的,有害的;highly injurious or destructive
negligible:微不足道的,可以忽略的;so small or unimportant or of so little consequence as to warrant little or no attention: trifling
deleterious:有毒的,有害的;harmful often in a subtle or unexpected way
obliterate:1. 忘掉;to remove utterly from recognition or memory;2. 消灭;to remove from existence: destroy utterly all trace
salutary:1. 有益的;producing a beneficial effect;2. 有益健康的;promoting health: curative
4. The company was so _____, so unwilling to change, that it lost any ability to compete in a _____ market.
A. flighty ... perilous B. tractable ... global C. innovative ... fluctuating
D. intransigent ... volatile E. unmanageable ... regulated
中文释义:这家公司如此顽固,如此不愿改变自己;市场风云变幻莫测,导致其竞争能力江河日下。
题目解析:句子中的两个so由逗号连接,很明显的是并列关系,空格部分与unwilling to change应该意思是相似的,只有D项有这个意思,并且第二个空格应该是与change意思比较接近的,D项也符合这个逻辑,因此D项正确。
词汇解释:
flighty:1. 迅速的,敏捷的;swift;2. 轻浮的;lacking stability or steadiness
perilous:危险的;full of or involving peril
tractable:1. 驯良的;capable of being led, taught, or controlled;2. 易于管教的;easily handled, managed, or wrought
intransigent:不妥协的;characterized by refusal to compromise or to abandon an extreme position or attitude
volatile:1. 挥发性的;readily vaporizable at a relatively low temperature;2. 不稳定的;lighthearted, lively
5. Although it is natural to take umbrage at _______ remarks, Latoya always went to great pains to act as though she was not _______ when people harshly criticized her.
A. acerbic ... affronted B. barbed ... unaffected C. discreet ... flustered
D. droll ... intimidated E. churlish ... mollified
中文释义:虽然面对尖酸刻薄评价时候生气在所难免,但是Latoya在人们严厉批评她时仍然极力掩饰,装作未被冒犯。
题目解析:由下文中的harshly criticize可判断第一个空格后面的评论的形容词应该是与其有相似意思的,由此排除C,D两项。句首的although表明该句在意思上有转折,但是第二个空格前的not提示我们该空应该填入的单词是和take umbrage意思是相同的,剩下的三个选项中只有A项意思较为接近,所以A项正确。
词汇解释:
umbrage:1. 树荫;shade, shadow;2. 愤怒;a feeling of pique or resentment at some often fancied slight or insult
acerbic:尖酸刻薄的;acid in temper, mood, or tone
affront:1. 有意冒犯的;to insult especially to the face by behavior or language;2. 面对;to face in defiance
barb:1. 倒刺;a sharp projection extending backward and preventing easy extraction;2. 伤人的话; a biting or pointed critical remark or comment
fluster:1. 使铭醉;to make tipsy;2. 使慌张;to put into a state of agitated confusion
droll:滑稽的,好笑的;having a humorous, whimsical, or odd quality
churlish:1. 没有礼貌的;marked by a lack of civility or graciousness: surly;2. 脾气暴躁的;difficult to work with or deal with
6. Sally could not ______ the family trip to Colorado, but her older brother Brad was able to ______many of its details.
A. describe .. overlook B. avoid ... dismiss C. forget ... memorize
D. prevent ... recognize E. remember ... recall
中文释义:莎莉不能记起全家去科罗拉多州旅行的事情,但是她的哥哥布拉德却能够回忆起来许多细节。
题目解析:由but一词可以判断句子的前后两部分在句意上有一个转折,所以上下文在意思上构成反义关系,但是又因为上半句中动词前有not,所以两个空格部分要填入的动词在词意上应该是同义的,选项中只有E项满足这个条件,因此E项正确。
7. The theory is ______ so much ________ evidence that it is now accepted by the greater majority of scientists.
A. inconsistent with ... valid B. substantiated by ... supporting C. unrelated to ... known
D. dependent on ... contradictory E. upheld by ... irrelevant
中文释义:许多证据证明这个理论是成立的,所以它已经被绝大多数科学家接受。
题目解析:句子中用到了so ...that 的句型,说明这是一个具有因果关系的句子;由that后面部分内容“它已经被绝大多数科学家接受”说明这个理论是被认可的,所以两个并列的空格部分应该填入的是“被认可”或者“被证实”,选项中只有B项符合题意,因此B项正确。
词汇解释:
substantiate:1. 证实;to establish by proof or competent evidence;2. 使实体化;to give substance or form to
uphold:1. 支撑;to give support to;2. 举起;to lift up
8. Not wishing to incur the disapproval of her teachers, who were generally ______, Helen was _______ attempting radical new artistic styles in her paintings.
A. traditional ... delighted about B. conservative ... wary of C. progressive ... opposed to
D. complimentary ... criticized for E. benevolent ... secretive about
中文释义:因为不想遭致通常比较保守的老师们的责难,海伦对于在绘画中尝试新的激进风格异常谨慎。
题目解析:该句子是一个表示因果关系的句型,由前半句原因部分可知,海伦是不想让老师们非议的,所以尝试新事物时可能会更加谨慎一点,由据此可推断老师们是不容易接受新事物的,也就意味着他们比较保守或者古板,符合这个逻辑的只有B项,因此B项正确。
词汇解释:
wary:谨慎的,机警的;marked by keen caution, cunning, and watchfulness especially in detecting and escaping danger
benevolent:仁慈的;marked by or disposed to doing good
complimentary:1. 赞美的;expressing praise or admiration;2. 赠送的;given free as a courtesy or favor
9. Far from exhausting him, the more arduous work schedule seems to have ______ the convalescent doctor.
A. enticed B. recompensed C. enervated D. alienated E. rejuvenated
中文释义:更艰巨的工作安排完全没有让他疲惫,反而似乎使这个处于康复期的医生更加年轻。
题目解析:由far from可知句子是包含有一个转折关系,所以填在空格中的单词应该和前半句中的动词有相反的意思。符合这个逻辑的只有E项,因此E项正确。A项是诱惑,B项是赔偿或酬谢,C项是使衰弱,使失去活力,D项是使疏远。
经典例句:His new job seemed to rejuvenate him.他的新工作好像使他焕发了青春。
词汇解释:
arduous:1. 费力的;hard to accomplish or achieve: difficult;2. 险峻的;hard to clime
convalescent:康复中的;to recover health and strength gradually after sickness or weakness
10. As head of the National Education Association in 1965-66, Elizabeth Duncan Koontz advocated higher salaries for teachers because she believed that the more __________ teaching is, the greater its attraction for highly qualified people.
A. precarious B. forceful C. controversial D. lucrative E. productive
中文释义:作为1965-1966年间全国教育协会的负责人,伊丽莎白·邓肯·孔茨呼吁提高教师工资,因为她认为教学活动回报更加丰厚,更能吸引高素质的人才。
题目解析:由句子中的because这个连接词可知这是一个因果关系的句子,句子的前半句导致了后半句的结果;由前半句可知伊丽莎白倡导高工资,所以空格处要填入的形容词应该与高工资这个意思比较接近,选项中只有D项有这个意思,因此D项正确。A项意思是不确定的,危险的,B项是坚强的,有说服力的,C项是有争议的,E项是生产性的,富有成效的。
经典例句:Flynn had a lucrative contract at Warners. 弗林在华纳公司有一份很赚钱的合同。
词汇解释:
precarious:1. 不确定的;dependent on uncertain premises: dubious;2. 危险的;characterized by a lack of security or stability that threatens with danger
lucrative:有利可图的,赚钱的;producing wealth
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